Description
Poster
Optical links in collider experiments provide the advantage of high speed data transmission with low mass fibers over a distance of a few hundred meters. The radiation resistances of Ge-doped multi-mode fibers are investigated in ionizing dose with Co-60 Gamma-ray. Depending on the doping substances and fabrication technologies, the radiation induced attenuation (RIA) differs very much. Fiber...
3D silicon sensors have demonstrated excellent radiation hardness since their first deployment in the Insertable B Layer (IBL) at ATLAS, paving the way for their integration into the innermost layers of ATLAS and CMS for the high luminosity upgrade. Besides being extremely radiation-hard, they also promise excellent timing performance. A timing resolution of about 30 ps has been reported for...
Abstract: With the increasing demand for proton therapy and heavy-ion therapy, 3D sensor technologies with effective detection volumes comparable to cell sizes have become a key research focus. This paper proposes a novel design method for a bowl-shaped 3D sensor and conducts simulation studies on their performance. The device structure designed for proton therapy consists of an array of three...
Radiation hard LGAD as a MTD detectors requires for the 4D tracking with the process of assigning a space and a time coordinate to a hit -~10-30 ฮผm position and ~10-30 ps time resolution in the CMS phase 2 of the experiment for HL-LHC upgrade and FCC colliders. To improve the performance of the heavily irradiated LGAD detectors up to the mixed fluence of 1 x 1017 neq./cm2 in terms of high fill...
Radiation hard n-Fz Double Sided Silicon Microstrip Detectors are used in the Silicon Tracker for the detection of two-dimensional position and energy loss measurement of the incident protons in the R3B experiment at FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany.
For the development of the detectors in the R3B Silicon Tracker, the macroscopic analysis is conducted on the available test structure of n-Fz Double...
Abstract: We propose a novel 3D detector with a concentric ring electrode configuration. Multiple columnar collecting electrodes are evenly distributed in the annular region between the central columnar electrode and the outermost annular trench electrode. The small potential saddle points generated between adjacent collection electrodes naturally isolate the signal. The annular trench...
The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) aims to achieve instantaneous luminosities a factor of 5 to 7.5 larger than the nominal LHC value. In ten years of running, integrated luminosities of 3000 to 4000 fbโ1 will be delivered to the CMS experiment. During Long Shutdown 3, the entire CMS tracking system will be replaced in preparation for the HL-LHC to mitigate the increased radiation and data rate....
The ITS3 upgrade of the ALICE experiment at CERN will introduce ultralight, bent monolithic pixel sensors using the TPSCo 65 nm CMOS process. This design reduces the material budget to 0.09% X0 per layer and the innermost layer radius to 19 mm, improving the impact parameter resolution by a factor of 2 for momenta < 1 GeV/c.
As part of the ITS3 R&D effort, multiple prototype sensors were...
Thunderclouds are known to emit minute-long gamma-ray bursts, commonly referred to as gamma-ray glows. These emissions are believed to originate from bremsstrahlung produced by high-energy electrons accelerated within the clouds. We conducted winter lightning observations in a mountainous area of Niigata, Japan, where thunderclouds are easily observable. Our detection system comprises various...
This paper presents the design and the test results of a 25 Gbps VCSEL driving ASIC fabricated in a 55 nm CMOS technology for detector front-end readout. This VCSEL driving ASIC is composed of an input equalizer stage, a pre-driver stage and a novel output driver stage. The input equalizer stage adopts a 5-step CTLE structure to compensate the high frequency loss at the PCB traces, bonding...
The LHC-ATLAS experiment have been operated since 2010, aiming for new particle searches, and precision measurements of the Higgs boson properties. The SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) is one of the most important subsystems in the ATLAS detector, which plays a key role in tracking and pT measurement for charged particles. Since SCT is located 30-50 cm from the beam pipe, it has been exposed to a...
Detector Physicists around the world are looking for the high
performance of position sensitive detectors for the outer tracker region of
the new and advanced material based detectors, which can be used in the
harsh radiation environment of the Future Circular collider. According to
RD50 collaboration, one of the leading candidates for the detector material
is p-Fz/p-MCz silicon for the...
Nuclotron-based ion collider facility (NICA) is a new accelerator complex designed at the joint institute for nuclear research (Dubna, Russia) to study properties of dense baryonic matter. The multi-purpose detector (MPD) is one of three detectors in NICA and it has been designed as a 4๐ spectrometer capable of detecting of charged hadrons, electrons and photons in heavy-ion collisions at high...
The SOIPIX (Silicon-On-Insulator PIXel) detector is a unique monolithic structure imaging device under development by the SOIPIX group, led by the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK).
We, the detector team at the KEK Photon Factory (PF), have developed an X-ray camera [1] using the INTPIX4NA SOIPIX detector [2].
The INTPIX4NA has a sensitive area of 14.1 x 8.7 mm^2, with...
Frequency synthesizers are widely used in many applications. For instance, particle physics experiments such as the LHC operate at a 40 MHz system clock, while the proposed CEPC is expected to use 43.3 MHz. To accommodate such diverse requirements, a wide-range frequency synthesizer with flexible reference and synthesized clocks is essential. We present a phase-locked loop (PLL) based on a...
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) has recently emerged as the next-generation CT technology, offering multi-energy and low-dose imaging capabilities that provides significant advantages over conventional energy-integrating detectors. Especially, PCCT using CdTe-based semiconductor detectors has already entered clinical use.
However, several practical limitations remain. For instance,...
We present the development and application of large-area silicon strip detectors for the ELARK experiment at RAON. The sensors, fabricated on 6-inch high-resistivity n-type wafers with a thickness of 500โฏฮผm, were used as ฮE detectors in a ฮEโE particle identification system. IโV measurements confirmed low leakage current and stable operation. Laboratory tests using Am-241 and Gd-148 alpha...
This paper presents an evaluation of the response and imaging performance of CITIUS - a high-speed X-ray detector developed for use at SPring-8 and SPring-8-II - when applied to heavy charged particles and neutrons. In the detection of heavy charged particles, imaging accuracy is primarily determined by the diffusion and drift of charges generated in the active layer, as well as the extent of...
Pioneering R&D in HVCMOS pixel sensors at the advanced 55 nm process, the COFFEE series prototypes are currently being developed for the Upstream Pixel tracker (UP) in the LHCb Upgrade II. COFFEE3, the latest prototype with two distinct readout architecture, was design and fabricated in 2025. Though featuring a small-scale prototype (3ร4 mm2), COFFEE3 is designed to match the final full-scale...
Polarization observations of X-rays and ฮณ-rays are an important method to investigate the radiation mechanisms of high-energy astrophysical sources. However, such observations are difficult to perform, and there are few observational examples. CMOS image sensors are detectors with superior spatial resolution compared to CCDs. CMOS sensors are sensitive to optical light through X-rays, but have...
AC-LGADs have been investigated widely due to their excellent time and spatial resolution, making them highly promising for future collider experiments. However, radiation exposure may damage the gain layer, thereby affecting the performance of AC-LGADs. We conducted a TID irradiation experiment on a 5.6 mm AC-LGAD strip designed by IHEP and fabricated by IME, and studied the electrical...
The Medipix collaboration was formed in the 1990s at CERN with the intention of adapting hybrid pixel detector technology to fields outside of high energy physics. Since then there have been four generations of the Medipix detector, and four generations of the closely related Timepix detector. Silicon is a common sensor material for detecting X-rays in the 5-30 keV energy range. The response...
X-ray diffraction (XRD) is a fundamental tool for non-destructive analysis of crystalline materials. In this work, we present a novel method that exploits the advanced features of the newly developed hybrid pixel detector Timepix4 to achieve both time- and spatially-resolved XRD.
Timepix4, developed by the Medipix collaboration, offers a sensitive area of 7 cmยฒ composed of 512ร448 pixels,...
Towards high-luminosity operation of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), starting in 2030, the inner detector of the ATLAS detector will be replaced by a fully-silicon-based inner tracker (ITk). The outer part of the ITk detector consists of $\sim$ 20,000 strip sensors with glued-on hybrids carrying the front-end electronics necessary for readout. A production version of the sensor (ATLAS18...
A total of 24,010 AC-coupled silicon strip sensors, consisting of n-type strips in p-type silicon and referred to as ATLAS18, are currently in production for installation in the upgraded ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk). In n-in-p strip sensors, a dense p-type region (e.g., p-stop implant) is essential for electrically isolating the n-type strips from a conductive inversion layer between the strips,...
All-sky observations of MeV gamma rays are expected to play a crucial role in solving unresolved questions in high-energy astrophysics, such as the emission mechanisms of gamma-ray bursts and blazars. To that end, we propose an MeV gamma-ray mission concept, AMEGO-X. The gamma-ray detector onboard AMEGO-X consists of a silicon tracker and a CsI calorimeter. The silicon tracker is composed of...
UV photodetectors are essential tools in the detection and quantification of UV radiation for a wide array of scientific and practical uses. These applications include disinfection and sterilization, ozone level monitoring, water purification, secure communications system and marine navigation. Thus, UV photodetectors play a key role in a variety of systems spanning health, defense,...
Gain variations of detector pixels in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) may lead to streaking artifacts in sinogram and ring artifacts in reconstructed CBCT images. Such gain variations can be mainly caused by inconsistent response of detector pixels owing to their defects and aging. This study presents an effective method to identify and correct streaking artifacts in sinogram using a...
Dual-energy X-ray imaging utilizing a dual-layer flat panel detector (DE-FPD) is widely used in radiography and computed tomography. A conventional DE-FPD is composed of a top layer featuring a 200 ฮผm-thick cesium iodide scintillator and a bottom layer with a 600 ฮผm-thick scintillator, both connected to an identical amorphous silicon thin-film transistor array. These layers are separated by a...
The High-Luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC), foreseen for 2030, requires the replacement of the ATLAS Inner Detector with a new all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk). Radiation-hard $n^+$-in-$p$ micro-strip sensors developed for use in the ITk will be exposed to a total radiation fluence of up to $\Phi_{eq} = 1.6 \times 10^{15}$ 1 MeV $n_{eq}/cm^2$ and a total ionizing dose...
ATLAS is currently preparing for the HL-LHC upgrade, with an all-silicon Inner Tracker (ITk) that will replace the current Inner Detector. The ITk will feature a pixel detector surrounded by a strip detector, with the strip system consisting of 4 barrel layers and 6 endcap disks.
The basic building block of the ITk Strip detector is the โmodule,โ composed of front-end electronics glued to a...
In recent years, targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) using alpha-particleโemitting radiopharmaceuticals, such as $^{211}$At, has attracted attention. To confirm the therapeutic efficacy of these agents, it is important to visualize the distribution of $^{211}$At in the body with high accuracy. In animal experiments, $^{211}$At imaging is typically performed using clinical SPECT systems...
Photon-counting computed tomography (PC-CT) is a next-generation imaging technology that enables material discrimination and localization with K-edge imaging by detecting individual X-ray photons along with their energy information. In a previous study, we developed one-dimensional PC-CT system consisting of multipixel photon counters (MPPCs) and yttrium-gadolinium-aluminum-gallium garnet...
With the upgrade of the LHC to the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), the Inner Detector will be replaced with the new all-silicon ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) to maintain tracking performance in a high-occupancy environment and to cope with the increase in the integrated radiation dose.
Comprising an active area of 165m$^2$, the outer four layers in the barrel and six disks in the endcap region...
The ATLAS experiment will be replacing the current inner detector with the Inner Tracker (ITk) to accommodate the increased occupancy and radiation levels anticipated at the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC). The ITk system consists of silicon-based pixel and strip sub-detectors. The strip detectors, fabricated by Hamamatsu Photonics, are based on an nโบ-in-p design with a 75โฏฮผm strip pitch and a...
The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is next-generation electron positron collider for precision studies of Higgs, flavour physics and beyond. A key component of its tracking system is the Inner TracKer (ITK) using High-Voltage CMOS sensor technology. We will introduce the design of the CEPC ITK, which consists of three barrel layers and four pairs of endcap disks, covering a total...
Radiation-hard silicon sensors used in high-energy physics experiments require a high electric field and are susceptible to surface breakdown at the edges of the planar sensors, especially at the tips of metal contacts or implants, where field peaks develop. These high-field regions, which are influenced by defects at the oxide interface and the geometry of the sensor, can give rise to...
We present a study of the forward and reverse current in silicon pad diodes irradiated to extreme neutron fluences of up to $5 \times 10^{17}\,n_{eq}/$cm$^2$, corresponding to expected fluences at the innermost radii of tracking detectors at a future circular hadron collider.
At such fluences, the low-doped silicon bulk and the highly doped implant no longer behave like a typical pn diode....
Proton Irradiation for quality assurance of ATLAS18 strip sensors with
Birmingham MC40 cyclotron
Thomas Thory-Rao, Andrew Stephen Chisholm
on behalf of the ATLAS ITk Strip Sensor Collaboration
The Birmingham MC40 Cyclotron is used to perform proton irradiations of
silicon detector devices as part of the ongoing ATLAS ITk Strip Quality
Assurance program. It provides a dedicated...
Next-generation collider experiments will require pixel detectors that can sustain high radiation doses and operate effectively at extreme luminosities. A CMOS depleted monolithic active pixel sensor has been developed with an advanced readout architecture to meet these demands, offering excellent radiation hardness, high-rate capability, fine spatial resolution, and precise timing...
This study presents a novel method to suppress wrapround artifacts in single grating X-ray dark-field imaging (SG-XDFI). SG-XDFI is an emerging technology that can be used to detect small-angle X-ray scattering signals from sample inhomogeneities at the microscale and nanoscale using the spatial harmonic imaging technique. However, when a sample has strong high-frequency components and/or the...
The work presents a study aimed for the measuring of timing performance of thin planar pixel sensors (100 and 50 um) using the high resolution TimePix4 beam telescope for precise track-referenced measurements. The sensors were coupled to the triggerless TDCpix ASIC with 100 ps timestamping, originally developed for the GigaTracker of the NA62 experiment at CERN for use with 200 um-thick...
The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02) is a particle detector that operates on the International Space Station (ISS), aiming to search for antimatter and dark matter by performing precision measurements of cosmic ray composition and flux. In order to increase physics sensitivity, a new layer(L0) of silicon strip tracker was planned to be installed on top of AMS-02 to improve cosmic ray...
Author: Kazuki Yamamoto
Co-author: Shojun Ogasawara, Joshi Aryaa Rajendra, Soichiro Kojimaa, Kosuke Sato, Kazuo Tanaka, Jun Kataoka, Yoichi Yatsu, Toshihiro Chujo, Hiroki Nakanishi, Makoto Arimoto, Satoshi Hatori, Kyo Kume, Satoshi Mizushima, Shinko Sando, Takashi Hasegawa
Observations in the MeV gamma-ray band are known to be extremely challenging because gamma rays in this energy range...
Silicon strip detector (SSD) system is wildly used in many collider experiments and cosmic-ray experiments to measure high energy particle trajectory information. Such system could reach O(10) um tracking resolution and ability to do particle identification for heavy ions. In addition, SSD based beam monitors/telescopes are useful tools for test beam studies to support the R&D of other...
The detection of microcalcifications within breast tissue, composed of fibroglandular and adipose components, is a key indicator in the diagnosis of breast cancer. Differentiating between type 1 (calcium oxalate, CaOx) and type 2 (hydroxyapatite, HA) microcalcifications is clinically important, as they are associated with benign and malignant lesions, respectively. Conventional...
This paper presents the design and implementation of the electronic readout system for the CubeSat-based Cosmic X-ray Polarization Detector (CXPD-02), serving as the second-generation prototype verification of the Low Energy X-ray Polarization (LPD) for the Polar-2 experiment. CXPD-02 incorporates the Topmetal-L pixel sensor chip specifically designed for the LPD, featuring the pixel array of...
The Gamma-Ray and AntiMatter Survey (GRAMS) is a balloon-borne and satellite-based experiment designed for MeV gamma-ray observations and indirect searches for dark matter via antimatter detection. It uses a cost-effective and scalable Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC), offering enhanced sensitivity to MeV gamma rays.
In this energy range, Compton scattering is the dominant...
To advance particle detector research, a MAPS-based silicon pixel beam telescope has been developed, which will be used in the High-Energy Proton Beam Experimental Station (HPES). As part of the CSNS-โ ก upgrade project, HPES will provide a single-particle proton beam with adjustable energy ranging from 0.8 to 1.6 GeV. As the core detector system of HPES, the telescope comprises six ultra-thin...
The first four layers of the CEPC(Circular Electron Positron Collider) vertex detector are designed using wafer-scale sensors based on stitching technology. To ensure the inner most layer is as close as possible to the central beam pipe, the design radius is set at 11 mm, posing significant challenges for the development of bent detector modules. Currently, a prototype model with a minimum...
The Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is proposed for Higgs boson research, and will includes several detectors, such as the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL), Hadronic Calorimeter (HCAL), and Muon detector. Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is widely used in these detectors for light conversion. This paper presents a prototype design of SIPAC (SiPM readout ASIC for calorimeter)....
High resolution time-to-digital converter (TDC) is widely used in high-energy physics experiments, TOF-PET, and other fields. Targeting next-generation photon detectors (MCP-PMT, SiPM), this work presents a TDC prototype design achieving state-of-the-art time resolution in a 55-nm CMOS process.
The design integrates two timing cores for independent time-of-arrival (TOA) and time over...
Calorimeters play a vital role in particle acceleration experiments. Their readout systems are confronted with the dual challenges of unpredictable particle responses and nanosecond-scale signal fluctuations. Attaining a resolution below 5%, a dynamic range of 60 dB with low power consumption continues to pose significant technical challenges. This study is grounded in the architecture of...
This work investigates the performance of Low Gain Avalanche Detectors (LGADs) developed by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) with different carbon implantation schemes. To characterize sensor behavior, systematic measurements of capacitance, leakage current, temporal resolution, and charge collection were performed. Radiation hardness was assessed through neutron irradiation up to a...
